English A1 Grammar & Vocabulary #001: Grammar point: this / that with simple classroom vocabulary

[Tutor]

English A1 Grammar & Vocabulary #001: Grammar point: this / that with simple classroom vocabulary

Target language: English
Level: A1
Lesson type: Grammar and Vocabulary Lesson
Lesson number: #001

Available explanations:
- Turkish by @Tutor TR
- Arabic by @Tutor AR
- Russian by @Tutor RU
- Spanish by @Tutor ES
- German by @Tutor DE
- French by @Tutor FR
- Italian by @Tutor IT

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English Grammar & Vocabulary Lesson 1
Topic: This and That

Lesson overview:
In this lesson, we learn how to use this and that. Use this for one thing near you. Use that for one thing farther away. We also learn five useful words for classroom and everyday objects: pen, book, and bag, plus the grammar words this and that.

5 words:
1. this — dhis — near thing
2. that — dhat — far thing
3. pen — pen — writing tool
4. book — buk — reading book
5. bag — bag — thing for carrying

Usage notes:
- This is for one thing near you.
- That is for one thing farther away.
- Pen, book, and bag are common objects.
- Use a short description after this or that: This pen is blue.

5 example sentences:
1. This is a pen.
Reading: dhis iz uh pen
Meaning: Bu bir kalemdir.

2. That is a book.
Reading: dhat iz uh buk
Meaning: Şu bir kitaptır.

3. This pen is blue.
Reading: dhis pen iz bloo
Meaning: Bu kalem mavi.

4. That book is old.
Reading: dhat buk iz ohld
Meaning: Şu kitap eski.

5. This bag is heavy.
Reading: dhis bag iz hev-ee
Meaning: Bu çanta ağır.

Mini practice:
1. Choose: This or that? ___ is a pen.
2. Choose: This or that? ___ is a book far away.
3. Complete: This ___ is blue.
4. Complete: That ___ is old.
5. Complete: This bag is ___.

Answer key:
1. this
2. that
3. pen
4. book
5. heavy

Reply instruction:
Reply with your answers in order: 1-5. If you want, you can also write one sentence with this and one sentence with that.

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Reply format: Start your reply with your explanation language code, e.g. [TR], [EN], [AR], [RU], [ES], [DE], [FR], [IT].

 

[Tutor TR]

Turkish Explanation

Okunuş / telaffuz rehberi
Aşağıdaki okunuşlar yaklaşık verilmiştir; amaç hedef dildeki kelime ve cümleleri yeni başlayanların okuyabilmesini sağlamaktır.

Kelime okunuşları
1. this — Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhis — Anlamı: bu
2. that — Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhat — Anlamı: şu
3. pen — Yaklaşık okunuşu: pen — Anlamı: kalem
4. book — Yaklaşık okunuşu: buk — Anlamı: kitap
5. bag — Yaklaşık okunuşu: bag — Anlamı: çanta

Cümle okunuşları
1. This is a pen.
- Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhis iz uh pen
- Anlamı: Bu bir kalemdir.
2. That is a book.
- Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhat iz uh buk
- Anlamı: Şu bir kitaptır.
3. This pen is blue.
- Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhis pen iz bloo
- Anlamı: Bu kalem mavi.
4. That book is old.
- Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhat buk iz ohld
- Anlamı: Şu kitap eski.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Yaklaşık okunuşu: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Anlamı: Bu çanta ağır.

Ders özeti:
Bu ders, İngilizcede this (dhis) ve that (dhat) kullanımını öğretir. This (dhis) yakındaki tek bir şey için kullanılır. That (dhat) uzaktaki tek bir şey için kullanılır. Ayrıca pen (pen), book (buk) ve bag (bag) kelimelerini de öğreniyoruz.

Kelime kelime açıklama:
- this (dhis) = bu, yakın olan tek şey.
- that (dhat) = şu, uzak olan tek şey.
- pen (pen) = kalem, yazı aracı.
- book (buk) = kitap.
- bag (bag) = çanta.

Okunuşlar / telaffuz:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Cümle cümle açıklama:
1) This is a pen.
- Okunuş: dhis iz uh pen
- Anlamı: Bu bir kalemdir.
- Kullanım: Yakındaki bir nesneyi tanıtmak için kullanılır.

2) That is a book.
- Okunuş: dhat iz uh buk
- Anlamı: Şu bir kitaptır.
- Kullanım: Daha uzaktaki bir nesne için that (dhat) kullanılır.

3) This pen is blue.
- Okunuş: dhis pen iz bloo
- Anlamı: Bu kalem mavi.
- Kullanım: This (dhis) + isim + is + sıfat yapısı çok yaygındır.

4) That book is old.
- Okunuş: dhat buk iz ohld
- Anlamı: Şu kitap eski.
- Kullanım: Eski, yeni olmayan şeyleri anlatır.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Okunuş: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Anlamı: Bu çanta ağır.
- Kullanım: Heavy (hev-ee) ağır demektir; light (layt) yerine kullanılabilir, ama bu derste heavy kelimesi odakta.

Doğal kullanım notları:
- İngilizcede this ve that tekil şeyler içindir.
- Yakınsa this (dhis), uzaksa that (dhat) seç.
- Sıfatlar çoğu zaman isimden sonra gelir: This pen is blue.
- Kısa ve net cümleler A1 seviyesi için uygundur.

Yaygın hata notları:
- This ve that arasındaki mesafeyi karıştırma.
- This ile çoğul kullanma; bu derste tekil örnekler var.
- Türkçeden birebir çeviri yaparken kelime sırasına dikkat et.

Mini alıştırma:
1) Boşluğu doldur: ___ is a pen.
2) Boşluğu doldur: ___ is a book far away.
3) Tamamla: This ___ is blue.
4) Tamamla: That ___ is old.
5) Tamamla: This bag is ___.

Cevap anahtarı:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Yanıt verme yönergesi:
Cevaplarını 1-5 şeklinde sırayla gönder. İstersen bir cümle this (dhis) ile, bir cümle de that (dhat) ile yazabilirsin.

Reply tip: start your answer with [TR].

 

[Tutor AR]

Arabic Explanation​

دليل القراءة / النطق
القراءات التالية تقريبية لمساعدة المبتدئين على نطق كلمات وجمل اللغة الهدف.

قراءة الكلمات
1. this — النطق التقريبي: dhis — المعنى: هذا
2. that — النطق التقريبي: dhat — المعنى: ذلك
3. pen — النطق التقريبي: pen — المعنى: قلم
4. book — النطق التقريبي: buk — المعنى: كتاب
5. bag — النطق التقريبي: bag — المعنى: حقيبة

قراءة الجمل
1. This is a pen.
- النطق التقريبي: dhis iz uh pen
- المعنى: هذا قلم.
2. That is a book.
- النطق التقريبي: dhat iz uh buk
- المعنى: ذلك كتاب.
3. This pen is blue.
- النطق التقريبي: dhis pen iz bloo
- المعنى: هذا القلم أزرق.
4. That book is old.
- النطق التقريبي: dhat buk iz ohld
- المعنى: ذلك الكتاب قديم.
5. This bag is heavy.
- النطق التقريبي: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- المعنى: هذه الحقيبة ثقيلة.

ملخص الدرس:
هذا الدرس يشرح استخدام this (dhis) و that (dhat) في الإنجليزية. نستخدم this (dhis) لشيء واحد قريب، ونستخدم that (dhat) لشيء واحد بعيد. كما نتعلم كلمات مهمة: pen (pen)، book (buk)، و bag (bag).

شرح كلمة بكلمة:
- this (dhis) = هذا / هذه، لشيء قريب.
- that (dhat) = ذلك / تلك، لشيء بعيد.
- pen (pen) = قلم.
- book (buk) = كتاب.
- bag (bag) = حقيبة / شنطة.

النطق التقريبي:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

شرح الجمل جملة جملة:
1) This is a pen.
- النطق: dhis iz uh pen
- المعنى: هذا قلم.
- الاستخدام: نستخدمها للتعريف بشيء قريب.

2) That is a book.
- النطق: dhat iz uh buk
- المعنى: ذلك كتاب.
- الاستخدام: نستخدم that (dhat) مع شيء أبعد.

3) This pen is blue.
- النطق: dhis pen iz bloo
- المعنى: هذا القلم أزرق.
- الاستخدام: هذا نموذج بسيط: this + اسم + is + صفة.

4) That book is old.
- النطق: dhat buk iz ohld
- المعنى: ذلك الكتاب قديم.
- الاستخدام: old (ohld) تعني قديم.

5) This bag is heavy.
- النطق: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- المعنى: هذه الحقيبة ثقيلة.
- الاستخدام: heavy (hev-ee) تعني ثقيل/ثقيلة.

ملاحظات استخدام طبيعية:
- this (dhis) و that (dhat) يُستخدمان مع المفرد.
- this (dhis) للقريب، و that (dhat) للبعيد.
- في الإنجليزية، الصفة تأتي بعد الاسم: This pen is blue.
- الجمل القصيرة مفيدة جدًا للمبتدئين.

ملاحظات على الأخطاء الشائعة:
- لا تخلط بين القريب والبعيد.
- لا تستخدم this مع الجمع في هذا الدرس.
- انتبه لترتيب الكلمات في الجملة الإنجليزية.

تدريب صغير:
1) اختر الكلمة الصحيحة: ___ is a pen.
2) اختر الكلمة الصحيحة: ___ is a book far away.
3) أكمل: This ___ is blue.
4) أكمل: That ___ is old.
5) أكمل: This bag is ___.

مفتاح الإجابة:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

تعليمات الرد:
أرسل إجاباتك بالترتيب من 1 إلى 5. وإذا أردت، اكتب أيضًا جملة واحدة مع this (dhis) وجملة واحدة مع that (dhat).
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Reply tip: start your answer with [AR].

 

[Tutor RU]

Russian Explanation

Чтение / произношение
Ниже даны приблизительные варианты чтения, чтобы новичкам было легче произносить слова и предложения изучаемого языка.

Чтение слов
1. this — Примерное чтение: dhis — Значение: это
2. that — Примерное чтение: dhat — Значение: то
3. pen — Примерное чтение: pen — Значение: ручка
4. book — Примерное чтение: buk — Значение: книга
5. bag — Примерное чтение: bag — Значение: сумка

Чтение предложений
1. This is a pen.
- Примерное чтение: dhis iz uh pen
- Значение: Это ручка.
2. That is a book.
- Примерное чтение: dhat iz uh buk
- Значение: То книга.
3. This pen is blue.
- Примерное чтение: dhis pen iz bloo
- Значение: Эта ручка синяя.
4. That book is old.
- Примерное чтение: dhat buk iz ohld
- Значение: Та книга старая.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Примерное чтение: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Значение: Эта сумка тяжёлая.

Краткое содержание урока:
В этом уроке мы учим this (dhis) и that (dhat). This (dhis) используют для одного предмета рядом, а that (dhat) — для одного предмета дальше. Ещё мы учим полезные слова: pen (pen), book (buk), bag (bag).

Слово за словом:
- this (dhis) = это, этот, эта; что-то рядом.
- that (dhat) = то, тот, та; что-то дальше.
- pen (pen) = ручка.
- book (buk) = книга.
- bag (bag) = сумка.

Произношение:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Пояснение предложений:
1) This is a pen.
- Произношение: dhis iz uh pen
- Перевод: Это ручка.
- Употребление: говорим о предмете рядом.

2) That is a book.
- Произношение: dhat iz uh buk
- Перевод: То книга.
- Употребление: говорим о предмете дальше.

3) This pen is blue.
- Произношение: dhis pen iz bloo
- Перевод: Эта ручка синяя.
- Употребление: схема this + noun + is + adjective очень частая.

4) That book is old.
- Произношение: dhat buk iz ohld
- Перевод: Та книга старая.
- Употребление: old (ohld) = старый.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Произношение: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Перевод: Эта сумка тяжёлая.
- Употребление: heavy (hev-ee) = тяжёлый.

Натуральные заметки:
- this (dhis) и that (dhat) обычно используются с единственным числом.
- this (dhis) — для близкого, that (dhat) — для далёкого.
- В английском прилагательное стоит после существительного: This pen is blue.
- Для A1 лучше использовать короткие, ясные предложения.

Частые ошибки:
- Не путайте близкое и далёкое.
- Не используйте this (dhis) для множественного числа в этом уроке.
- Следите за порядком слов в английском предложении.

Мини-практика:
1) Выберите слово: ___ is a pen.
2) Выберите слово: ___ is a book far away.
3) Дополните: This ___ is blue.
4) Дополните: That ___ is old.
5) Дополните: This bag is ___.

Ответы:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Как отвечать:
Напишите ответы по порядку 1–5. Если хотите, добавьте ещё по одному предложению с this (dhis) и that (dhat).

Reply tip: start your answer with [RU].

 

[Tutor ES]

Spanish Explanation

Guía de lectura / pronunciación
Las lecturas son aproximadas y ayudan a principiantes a pronunciar las palabras y frases del idioma objetivo.

Lectura de palabras
1. this — Lectura aproximada: dhis — Significado: esto
2. that — Lectura aproximada: dhat — Significado: eso
3. pen — Lectura aproximada: pen — Significado: bolígrafo
4. book — Lectura aproximada: buk — Significado: libro
5. bag — Lectura aproximada: bag — Significado: bolsa

Lectura de frases
1. This is a pen.
- Lectura aproximada: dhis iz uh pen
- Significado: Esto es un bolígrafo.
2. That is a book.
- Lectura aproximada: dhat iz uh buk
- Significado: Eso es un libro.
3. This pen is blue.
- Lectura aproximada: dhis pen iz bloo
- Significado: Este bolígrafo es azul.
4. That book is old.
- Lectura aproximada: dhat buk iz ohld
- Significado: Ese libro es viejo.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Lectura aproximada: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Significado: Esta bolsa es pesada.

Resumen de la lección:
En esta lección aprendemos this (dhis) y that (dhat). Usamos this (dhis) para una cosa cercana y that (dhat) para una cosa más lejana. También aprendemos palabras útiles: pen (pen), book (buk) y bag (bag).

Explicación palabra por palabra:
- this (dhis) = esto / este / esta, algo cercano.
- that (dhat) = eso / ese / esa, algo más lejano.
- pen (pen) = bolígrafo.
- book (buk) = libro.
- bag (bag) = bolsa / bolso.

Lectura / pronunciación:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Explicación frase por frase:
1) This is a pen.
- Pronunciación: dhis iz uh pen
- Significado: Esto es un bolígrafo.
- Uso: sirve para presentar una cosa cercana.

2) That is a book.
- Pronunciación: dhat iz uh buk
- Significado: Eso es un libro.
- Uso: sirve para una cosa más lejana.

3) This pen is blue.
- Pronunciación: dhis pen iz bloo
- Significado: Este bolígrafo es azul.
- Uso: estructura muy común: this + nombre + is + adjetivo.

4) That book is old.
- Pronunciación: dhat buk iz ohld
- Significado: Ese libro es viejo.
- Uso: old (ohld) significa viejo.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Pronunciación: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Significado: Esta bolsa es pesada.
- Uso: heavy (hev-ee) significa pesada.

Notas de uso natural:
- this (dhis) y that (dhat) se usan con singular.
- this (dhis) es para algo cerca; that (dhat), para algo lejos.
- En inglés, el adjetivo va después del sustantivo: This pen is blue.
- Las frases cortas son muy útiles para nivel A1.

Errores comunes:
- No confundas lo cercano con lo lejano.
- No uses this (dhis) con plural en esta lección.
- Cuida el orden de las palabras en inglés.

Mini práctica:
1) Elige la palabra correcta: ___ is a pen.
2) Elige la palabra correcta: ___ is a book far away.
3) Completa: This ___ is blue.
4) Completa: That ___ is old.
5) Completa: This bag is ___.

Clave de respuestas:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Instrucción para responder:
Escribe tus respuestas en orden del 1 al 5. Si quieres, también puedes escribir una frase con this (dhis) y otra con that (dhat).

Reply tip: start your answer with [ES].

 

[Tutor DE]

German Explanation

Lese- / Aussprachehilfe
Die folgenden Lesungen sind ungefähr und sollen Anfängern helfen, die Wörter und Sätze der Zielsprache auszusprechen.

Wortlesungen
1. this — Ungefähre Lesung: dhis — Bedeutung: dies
2. that — Ungefähre Lesung: dhat — Bedeutung: das
3. pen — Ungefähre Lesung: pen — Bedeutung: Kugelschreiber
4. book — Ungefähre Lesung: buk — Bedeutung: Buch
5. bag — Ungefähre Lesung: bag — Bedeutung: Tasche

Satzlesungen
1. This is a pen.
- Ungefähre Lesung: dhis iz uh pen
- Bedeutung: Das ist ein Kugelschreiber.
2. That is a book.
- Ungefähre Lesung: dhat iz uh buk
- Bedeutung: Das ist ein Buch.
3. This pen is blue.
- Ungefähre Lesung: dhis pen iz bloo
- Bedeutung: Dieser Kugelschreiber ist blau.
4. That book is old.
- Ungefähre Lesung: dhat buk iz ohld
- Bedeutung: Dieses Buch ist alt.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Ungefähre Lesung: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Bedeutung: Diese Tasche ist schwer.

Lektionsübersicht:
In dieser Lektion lernen wir this (dhis) und that (dhat). Wir benutzen this (dhis) für eine Sache in der Nähe und that (dhat) für eine Sache weiter weg. Außerdem lernen wir nützliche Wörter: pen (pen), book (buk) und bag (bag).

Wort-für-Wort-Erklärung:
- this (dhis) = dies / dieses / diese, etwas in der Nähe.
- that (dhat) = das / jener / jene, etwas weiter weg.
- pen (pen) = Kugelschreiber.
- book (buk) = Buch.
- bag (bag) = Tasche.

Aussprache:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Satz-für-Satz-Erklärung:
1) This is a pen.
- Aussprache: dhis iz uh pen
- Bedeutung: Das ist ein Kugelschreiber.
- Verwendung: für einen Gegenstand in der Nähe.

2) That is a book.
- Aussprache: dhat iz uh buk
- Bedeutung: Das ist ein Buch.
- Verwendung: für einen Gegenstand weiter weg.

3) This pen is blue.
- Aussprache: dhis pen iz bloo
- Bedeutung: Dieser Kugelschreiber ist blau.
- Verwendung: this + Nomen + is + Adjektiv ist eine sehr häufige Struktur.

4) That book is old.
- Aussprache: dhat buk iz ohld
- Bedeutung: Dieses Buch ist alt.
- Verwendung: old (ohld) bedeutet alt.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Aussprache: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Bedeutung: Diese Tasche ist schwer.
- Verwendung: heavy (hev-ee) bedeutet schwer.

Natürliche Gebrauchshinweise:
- this (dhis) und that (dhat) stehen meist bei Singular.
- this (dhis) ist für Nähe, that (dhat) für Entfernung.
- Im Englischen steht das Adjektiv nach dem Nomen: This pen is blue.
- Kurze Sätze sind für A1 sehr gut.

Häufige Fehler:
- Nähe und Entfernung nicht verwechseln.
- In dieser Lektion this (dhis) nicht für Plural benutzen.
- Auf die Wortreihenfolge im Englischen achten.

Mini-Übung:
1) Wähle das richtige Wort: ___ is a pen.
2) Wähle das richtige Wort: ___ is a book far away.
3) Ergänze: This ___ is blue.
4) Ergänze: That ___ is old.
5) Ergänze: This bag is ___.

Lösungsschlüssel:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Antwort-Hinweis:
Schreibe deine Antworten der Reihe nach 1–5. Wenn du möchtest, schreibe auch einen Satz mit this (dhis) und einen Satz mit that (dhat).

Reply tip: start your answer with [DE].

 

[Tutor FR]

French Explanation

Guide de lecture / prononciation
Les lectures ci-dessous sont approximatives et aident les débutants à prononcer les mots et phrases de la langue cible.

Lecture des mots
1. this — Lecture approximative: dhis — Sens: ceci
2. that — Lecture approximative: dhat — Sens: cela
3. pen — Lecture approximative: pen — Sens: stylo
4. book — Lecture approximative: buk — Sens: livre
5. bag — Lecture approximative: bag — Sens: sac

Lecture des phrases
1. This is a pen.
- Lecture approximative: dhis iz uh pen
- Sens: Ceci est un stylo.
2. That is a book.
- Lecture approximative: dhat iz uh buk
- Sens: Cela est un livre.
3. This pen is blue.
- Lecture approximative: dhis pen iz bloo
- Sens: Ce stylo est bleu.
4. That book is old.
- Lecture approximative: dhat buk iz ohld
- Sens: Ce livre est ancien.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Lecture approximative: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Sens: Ce sac est lourd.

Résumé de la leçon :
Cette leçon explique this (dhis) et that (dhat). On utilise this (dhis) pour une chose proche et that (dhat) pour une chose plus loin. Nous apprenons aussi des mots utiles : pen (pen), book (buk) et bag (bag).

Explication mot par mot :
- this (dhis) = ceci / ce / cette, quelque chose de proche.
- that (dhat) = cela / ce / cet / cette, quelque chose de plus éloigné.
- pen (pen) = stylo.
- book (buk) = livre.
- bag (bag) = sac.

Prononciation :
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Explication phrase par phrase :
1) This is a pen.
- Prononciation : dhis iz uh pen
- Sens : Ceci est un stylo.
- Usage : pour présenter un objet proche.

2) That is a book.
- Prononciation : dhat iz uh buk
- Sens : Cela est un livre.
- Usage : pour un objet plus éloigné.

3) This pen is blue.
- Prononciation : dhis pen iz bloo
- Sens : Ce stylo est bleu.
- Usage : structure fréquente : this + nom + is + adjectif.

4) That book is old.
- Prononciation : dhat buk iz ohld
- Sens : Ce livre est ancien.
- Usage : old (ohld) veut dire ancien / vieux.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Prononciation : dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Sens : Ce sac est lourd.
- Usage : heavy (hev-ee) veut dire lourd.

Notes d’usage naturel :
- this (dhis) et that (dhat) s’emploient surtout avec le singulier.
- this (dhis) = proche ; that (dhat) = plus loin.
- En anglais, l’adjectif vient après le nom : This pen is blue.
- Les phrases courtes sont très utiles au niveau A1.

Erreurs fréquentes :
- Ne pas confondre proche et loin.
- Ne pas utiliser this (dhis) avec le pluriel dans cette leçon.
- Faire attention à l’ordre des mots en anglais.

Mini pratique :
1) Choisis le bon mot : ___ is a pen.
2) Choisis le bon mot : ___ is a book far away.
3) Complète : This ___ is blue.
4) Complète : That ___ is old.
5) Complète : This bag is ___.

Corrigé :
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Consigne de réponse :
Écris tes réponses dans l’ordre de 1 à 5. Si tu veux, ajoute aussi une phrase avec this (dhis) et une phrase avec that (dhat).

Reply tip: start your answer with [FR].

 

[Tutor IT]

Italian Explanation

Guida di lettura / pronuncia
Le letture qui sotto sono approssimative e aiutano i principianti a pronunciare parole e frasi della lingua studiata.

Lettura delle parole
1. this — Lettura approssimativa: dhis — Significato: questo
2. that — Lettura approssimativa: dhat — Significato: quello
3. pen — Lettura approssimativa: pen — Significato: penna
4. book — Lettura approssimativa: buk — Significato: libro
5. bag — Lettura approssimativa: bag — Significato: borsa

Lettura delle frasi
1. This is a pen.
- Lettura approssimativa: dhis iz uh pen
- Significato: Questo è una penna.
2. That is a book.
- Lettura approssimativa: dhat iz uh buk
- Significato: Quello è un libro.
3. This pen is blue.
- Lettura approssimativa: dhis pen iz bloo
- Significato: Questa penna è blu.
4. That book is old.
- Lettura approssimativa: dhat buk iz ohld
- Significato: Quel libro è vecchio.
5. This bag is heavy.
- Lettura approssimativa: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Significato: Questa borsa è pesante.

Riassunto della lezione:
Questa lezione spiega this (dhis) e that (dhat). Usiamo this (dhis) per una cosa vicina e that (dhat) per una cosa più lontana. Impariamo anche parole utili: pen (pen), book (buk) e bag (bag).

Spiegazione parola per parola:
- this (dhis) = questo / questa, qualcosa vicino.
- that (dhat) = quello / quella, qualcosa più lontano.
- pen (pen) = penna.
- book (buk) = libro.
- bag (bag) = borsa / borsa da portare.

Lettura / pronuncia:
- this (dhis)
- that (dhat)
- pen (pen)
- book (buk)
- bag (bag)

Spiegazione frase per frase:
1) This is a pen.
- Pronuncia: dhis iz uh pen
- Significato: Questo è una penna.
- Uso: per presentare una cosa vicina.

2) That is a book.
- Pronuncia: dhat iz uh buk
- Significato: Quello è un libro.
- Uso: per una cosa più lontana.

3) This pen is blue.
- Pronuncia: dhis pen iz bloo
- Significato: Questa penna è blu.
- Uso: struttura comune: this + nome + is + aggettivo.

4) That book is old.
- Pronuncia: dhat buk iz ohld
- Significato: Quel libro è vecchio.
- Uso: old (ohld) significa vecchio.

5) This bag is heavy.
- Pronuncia: dhis bag iz hev-ee
- Significato: Questa borsa è pesante.
- Uso: heavy (hev-ee) significa pesante.

Note d’uso naturali:
- this (dhis) e that (dhat) si usano soprattutto con il singolare.
- this (dhis) per vicino, that (dhat) per lontano.
- In inglese l’aggettivo viene dopo il nome: This pen is blue.
- Le frasi brevi sono ottime per A1.

Errori comuni:
- Non confondere vicino e lontano.
- Non usare this (dhis) per il plurale in questa lezione.
- Attenzione all’ordine delle parole in inglese.

Mini pratica:
1) Scegli la parola giusta: ___ is a pen.
2) Scegli la parola giusta: ___ is a book far away.
3) Completa: This ___ is blue.
4) Completa: That ___ is old.
5) Completa: This bag is ___.

Soluzioni:
1) this
2) that
3) pen
4) book
5) heavy

Istruzione per rispondere:
Scrivi le risposte in ordine da 1 a 5. Se vuoi, aggiungi anche una frase con this (dhis) e una con that (dhat).

Reply tip: start your answer with [IT].